"Kansarku" waa "jinni" ugu cabsida badan daawada casriga ah.Dadku waxay si isa soo taraysa u eegayaan baadhista iyo ka hortagga kansarka."Calaamadaha Burada," oo ah qalab lagu baadho oo toos ah, waxay noqdeen barta dareenka.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku tiirsanaanta kaliya calaamadaha burooyinka sare waxay badanaa u horseedi kartaa fikrad khaldan oo ku saabsan xaaladda dhabta ah.
Waa maxay Calaamadaha Burada?
Si fudud loo dhigo, calaamadaha burooyinka waxay tixraacaan borotiinno kala duwan, karbohaydraytyo, enzymes, iyo hormoonnada laga soo saaro jidhka bini'aadamka.Calaamadaha burooyinka ayaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii qalab baadhiseed oo hore loogu ogaanayo kansarka.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiimaha kiliiniga ee natiijada calaamadeeyaha burada oo xoogaa sare u kacday ayaa xadidan.Dhaqdhaqaaqa kiliinikada, xaalado kala duwan sida caabuqyada, caabuqa, iyo uurka waxay sababi karaan kororka calaamadaha burooyinka.Intaa waxaa dheer, caadooyinka qaab-nololeedka aan caafimaad qabin sida sigaarka, cabbitaanka aalkolada, iyo soo daahidda waxay sidoo kale keeni kartaa calaamado burooyin ah oo sarreeya.Sidaa darteed, dhakhaatiirtu waxay caadi ahaan fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan isbeddelka calaamadaynta burooyinka muddo wakhti ah halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen isbeddel yar oo natiijada baaritaanka ah.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii calaamad gaar ah oo buro ah, sida CEA ama AFP (calamadaha gaarka ah ee kansarka sambabada iyo beerka), ay si weyn u sare u kacdo, gaarey dhowr kun ama tobanaan kun, waxay dammaanad qaadaysaa taxadar iyo baaritaan dheeraad ah.
Muhiimadda Calaamadaha Tumor ee Kansarka Baaritaanka Hore
Calaamadaha buradu maaha caddayn dhammaystiran oo lagu ogaanayo kansarka, laakiin waxay weli muhiimad weyn ku leeyihiin baarista kansarka marka ay jiraan xaalado gaar ah.Calaamadaha burooyinka qaarkood ayaa aad xasaasi u ah, sida AFP (alfa-fetoprotein) kansarka beerka.Dhaqdhaqaaqa kiliinikada, kor u kaca aan caadiga ahayn ee AFP, oo ay weheliso shaybaarada sawirka iyo taariikhda cudurka beerka, ayaa loo isticmaali karaa caddayn ahaan ogaanshaha kansarka beerka.Sidoo kale, calaamadaha kale ee sare u kaca ee burooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inay muujiyaan jiritaanka burooyinka qofka la baarayo.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani macnaheedu maaha in dhammaan baadhitaanada kansarka ay tahay inay ku jiraan baaritaanka calaamadaha burada.Waxaan ku talinaynaaBaadhitaanka calaamadaynta burada ugu horrayn ee shakhsiyaadka khatarta sare leh:
- Shakhsiyaadka da'doodu tahay 40 iyo wixii ka weyn ee leh taariikh sigaar cabbid culus (muddada sigaar cabista waxaa lagu dhuftey sigaar la cabo maalintii> 400).
- Shakhsiyaadka da'doodu tahay 40 iyo wixii ka weyn ee leh khamriga si xun u isticmaalka ama cudurrada beerka (sida cagaarshow A, B, C, ama cirrhosis).
- Shakhsiyaadka da'doodu tahay 40 iyo wixii ka weyn ee caabuqa Helicobacter pylori ee caloosha ama gastritis-ka raaga.
- Shakhsiyaadka da'doodu tahay 40 iyo wixii ka weyn ee leh taariikhda qoyska ee kansarka (in ka badan hal qaraabo dhiig oo toos ah ayaa laga helay isla nooca kansarka).
Doorka Calaamadaha Tumor ee Daaweynta Kansarka Adjuvant
Isticmaalka saxda ah ee isbeddelada calaamadaha burooyinka ayaa muhiimad weyn u leh dhakhaatiirta si ay waqtigooda u hagaajiyaan xeeladahooda ka hortagga kansarka oo ay maareeyaan habka guud ee daaweynta.Dhab ahaantii, natiijooyinka baaritaanka burada calaamaduhu way ku kala duwan yihiin bukaan kasta.Bukaanjiifka qaarkood waxa laga yaabaa inay leeyihiin calaamado buro oo caadi ah, halka kuwa kalena laga yaabo inay leeyihiin heerar gaadhaya tobanaan ama xitaa boqollaal kun.Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in aynaan haysan shuruudo lagu cabbiro isbeddelkooda.Sidaa darteed, fahamka kala duwanaanshaha calaamadaha burooyinka gaarka ah ee gaarka ah ee bukaan kasta ayaa aasaas u ah qiimeynta horumarka cudurka iyada oo loo marayo calaamadaha burooyinka.
Nidaamka qiimaynta lagu kalsoon yahay waa inuu lahaadaa laba sifo:"gaar ahaan"iyo"xasaasiyad":
Gaar ahaan:Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa in isbeddelada calaamadaha burooyinka ay la socdaan xaaladda bukaanka iyo in kale.
Tusaale ahaan, haddii aan ogaano in AFP (alfa-fetoprotein, calaamad gaar ah oo kansarka beerka) ee bukaanka qaba kansarka beerka uu ka sarreeyo heerka caadiga ah, calaamadahooda burooyinka ayaa muujinaya "gaar ahaan."Taa beddelkeeda, haddii wakaaladda AFP ee bukaanka kansarka sanbabada ay dhaafto qiyaasta caadiga ah, ama haddii qof caafimaad qaba uu leeyahay AFP sare, sarrayntooda AFP ma muujinayso gaar.
DareenkaTani waxay tusinaysaa in calaamadaha burada ee bukaanku ay isbedelaan horumarka burada.
Tusaale ahaan, inta lagu jiro la socodka firfircoon, haddii aan aragno in CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen, calaamad gaar ah oo loogu talagalay kansarka sambabada unugyada aan yareyn) ee bukaanka kansarka sanbabada ayaa kor u kaca ama hoos u dhaca iyada oo ay weheliso isbeddelada cabbirka buro, oo raacdo habka daaweynta. waxaan si horudhac ah u go'aamin karnaa dareenka buro calaamadahooda.
Marka calaamadaha burooyinka lagu kalsoonaan karo (oo leh gaar ahaan iyo dareenka labadaba) la dhiso, bukaannada iyo dhakhaatiirtu waxay samayn karaan qiimeyn faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan xaaladda bukaanka iyadoo lagu saleynayo isbeddellada gaarka ah ee calaamadaha burooyinka.Habkani waxa uu qiime weyn u hayaa dhakhaatiirta si ay u horumariyaan qorshooyin daawaynta saxda ah oo ay ku habeeyaan daawaynta gaarka ah.
Bukaan-socodka ayaa sidoo kale isticmaali kara isbeddellada firfircoon ee calaamadaha burooyinka si ay u qiimeeyaan caabbinta daawooyinka qaarkood oo ay uga fogaadaan horumarka cudurka sababtoo ah caabbinta daroogada.Si kastaba ha ahaatee,Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in isticmaalka calaamadaha burooyinka si loo qiimeeyo xaaladda bukaanka ay tahay kaliya habka kabka ah ee dhakhaatiirta dagaalka ay kula jiraan kansarka waana in aan loo tixgelinin beddelka heerka dahabka ee daryeelka dabagalka-baaritaannada sawirka caafimaadka (oo ay ku jiraan CT scans). MRI, PET-CT, iwm.).
Calaamadaha Burada Caadiga ah: Maxay yihiin?
AFP (Alfa-fetoprotein):
Alpha-fetoprotein waa glycoprotein kaas oo sida caadiga ah ay soo saaraan unugyada stem embriyaha.Heerarka sare waxay muujin karaan malignancies sida kansarka beerka.
CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen):
Heerarka sare ee antigen-ka carcinoembryonic waxay muujin karaan cudurro kansar oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan kansarka mindhicirka, kansarka ganaca, kansarka caloosha, iyo kansarka naasaha.
CA 199 (Carbohydrate Antigen 199):
Heerarka sare ee karbohaydrayt antigen 199 ayaa caadi ahaan lagu arkaa kansarka ganaca iyo cudurrada kale sida kansarka xameetida, kansarka beerka, iyo kansarka mindhicirka.
CA 125 (Kansarka Antigen 125):
Kansarka antigen 125 waxaa ugu horayn loo isticmaalaa sidii qalab lagu baadho kansarka ugxansidaha waxaana sidoo kale laga heli karaa kansarka naasaha, kansarka ganaca, iyo kansarka caloosha.
TA 153 (Tumor Antigen 153):
Heerarka sare ee buro antigen 153 ayaa caadi ahaan lagu arkaa kansarka naasaha waxaana sidoo kale laga heli karaa kansarka ugxansidaha, kansarka ganaca, iyo kansarka beerka.
CA 50 (Kansarka Antigen 50):
Kansarka antigen 50 waa calaamade buro aan gaar ahayn oo ugu horayn loo isticmaalo sidii qalab lagu baadho kaaliyaha kansarka ganaca, kansarka mindhicirka, kansarka caloosha, iyo cudurrada kale.
CA 242 (Carbohydrate Antigen 242):
Natiijo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay karbohaydrayt antigen 242 guud ahaan waxay la xiriirtaa burooyinka dheefshiidka.
β2-Microglobulin:
β2-microglobulin waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa si loola socdo shaqada tubbada kelyaha waxayna kordhin kartaa bukaanada qaba cillad kelyaha, bararka, ama burooyinka.
Serum Ferritin:
Heerarka hoos u dhaca serum ferritin waxaa lagu arki karaa xaalado ay ka mid yihiin dhiig-yaraan, halka heerarka korodhka lagu arki karo cudurrada sida leukemia, cudurka beerka, iyo burooyinka halista ah.
NSE (Neuron-Specific Enolase):
Neuron-specific enolase waa borotiin inta badan laga helo neurons iyo unugyada neuroendocrine.Waa calaamade buro xasaasi ah oo loogu talagalay kansarka sambabada unugyada yaryar.
hCG (Gonadotropin chorionic aadanaha):
Human chorionic gonadotropin waa hormoon la xidhiidha uurka.Heerarka sare waxay muujin karaan uur, iyo sidoo kale cudurrada sida kansarka ilmo-galeenka, kansarka ugxan-sidaha, iyo burooyinka xiniinyaha.
TNF (Factor Necrosis Tumor):
Cunsurka necrosis ee burada ayaa ku lug leh dilka unugyada burooyinka, nidaaminta difaaca, iyo falcelinta bararka.Heerarka korodhka ayaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriiraan cudurrada faafa ama difaaca jirka waxayna muujin karaan khatarta burada.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-01-2023