Ka Hortagga Kansarka Sambabada

Munaasabadda Maalinta Kansarka Sambabada Adduunka (Agoosto 1aad), aan eegno ka hortagga kansarka sambabada.

Ka fogaanshaha arrimaha khatarta ah iyo kordhinta arrimaha ilaalinta ayaa kaa caawin kara ka hortagga kansarka sambabada.

Ka fogaanshaha arrimaha khatarta kansarka ayaa laga yaabaa inay kaa caawiyaan ka hortagga kansarrada qaarkood. Arrimaha khatarta ah waxaa ka mid ah sigaarka, cayilka badan, iyo jimicsi la'aanta. Kordhinta arrimaha ilaalinta sida joojinta sigaarka iyo jimicsiga ayaa sidoo kale kaa caawin kara ka hortagga kansarrada qaarkood. La hadal dhakhtarkaaga ama xirfadle kale oo daryeel caafimaad sida aad u yareyn karto khatarta kansarka.

Kuwa soo socda waa arrimaha halista u ah kansarka sambabada:

1. Sigaar cabista, sigaarka, iyo tubada

Sigaar cabista tubaakadu waa khatarta ugu muhiimsan ee kansarka sambabada. Sigaarka, sigaarka, iyo tubaakada ayaa dhammaantood kordhiya khatarta kansarka sambabada. Sigaar cabista tubaakadu waxay sababtaa qiyaastii 9 kiis oo kansarka sambabada ah oo ragga ku dhaca iyo qiyaastii 8 kiis oo kansarka sambabada ah oo dumarka ku dhaca.

Daraasaduhu waxay muujiyeen in sigaar cabista sigaarka yar ee daamurka ama nikotiinku ku yar yahay aysan yareyn khatarta kansarka sambabada.

Daraasaduhu waxay sidoo kale muujinayaan in khatarta kansarka sambabada ee ka dhalata sigaarka ay korodho marka la barbar dhigo tirada sigaarka la cabbo maalintii iyo tirada sanadaha la cabbo. Dadka sigaarka caba waxay leeyihiin qiyaastii 20 jeer khatarta kansarka sambabada marka loo eego kuwa aan sigaarka cabin.

2. Qiiqa gacan labaad

Qiiqa sigaarka gacanta labaad waa khatar ku ah kansarka sambabada. Qiiqa gacanta labaad waa qiiqa ka yimaada sigaarka gubanaya ama badeecada kale ee tubaakada, ama kan ay neefsadaan dadka sigaarka caba. Dadka neefsada qiiqa gacanta labaad waxay la kulmaan isla wakiilada keena kansarka sida kuwa sigaarka caba, inkastoo ay yar yihiin. Neefsashada qiiqa gacanta labaad waxaa loo yaqaan sigaar aan ikhtiyaari ahayn ama sigaar aan dadban.

3. Taariikhda qoyska

Inaad leedahay taariikh qoys oo kansarka sambabada ah waa arrin halis u ah kansarka sambabada. Dadka leh qaraabo qaba kansarka sambabada ayaa laga yaabaa inay labanlaab u badan tahay inay qaadaan kansarka sambabada marka loo eego dadka aan lahayn qaraabo qaba kansarka sambabada. Maadaama sigaar cabista sigaarka ay u badan tahay inay ku dhacdo qoysaska iyo xubnaha qoysku ay la kulmaan qiiqa gacanta labaad, way adag tahay in la ogaado in khatarta sii kordheysa ee kansarka sambabada ay ka timid taariikhda qoyska ee kansarka sambabada ama ka timid qiiqa sigaarka.

4. Caabuqa HIV

Inaad ku dhacdo fayraska difaaca jirka ee aadanaha (HIV), oo ah sababta keenta cudurka 'acquired immunodeficiency syndrome' (AIDS), waxaa lala xiriiriyaa khatarta sare ee kansarka sambabada. Dadka qaba HIV waxay yeelan karaan in ka badan labanlaab khatarta kansarka sambabada marka loo eego kuwa aan qabin cudurka. Maadaama heerarka sigaar cabista ay ka sarreeyaan kuwa qaba HIV marka loo eego kuwa aan qabin cudurka, ma cadda in khatarta sii kordheysa ee kansarka sambabada ay ka timid caabuqa HIV ama in laga qaado qiiqa sigaarka.

5. Arrimaha khatarta deegaanka

• Soo-gaadhista shucaaca: Ku-soo-gaadhista shucaaca waa arrin khatar ku ah kansarka sambabada. Shucaaca bamka atomiga, daaweynta shucaaca, tijaabooyinka sawir-qaadista, iyo radon waa ilo ka mid ah soo-gaadhista shucaaca:
• Shucaaca bamka atomiga: Ku soo-gaadhista shucaac ka dib qaraxa bamka atomiga waxay kordhisaa khatarta kansarka sambabada.
• Daaweynta Shucaaca: Daaweynta Shucaaca ee laabta ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu daaweeyo kansarrada qaarkood, oo ay ku jiraan kansarka naasaha iyo Hodgkin lymphoma. Daaweynta Shucaaca waxay isticmaashaa raajooyin, raajooyin gamma, ama noocyo kale oo shucaac ah oo kordhin kara khatarta kansarka sambabada. Inta badan qiyaasta shucaaca la helo, ayaa khatarta sii kordheysa. Khatarta kansarka sambabada ka dib daaweynta shucaaca ayaa ka sarreysa bukaanada sigaarka cabba marka loo eego kuwa aan sigaarka cabin.
• Baaritaannada Sawir-qaadista: Baaritaannada sawir-qaadista, sida baaritaannada CT-ga, waxay bukaanada u soo bandhigaan shucaac. Baaritaannada CT-ga ee qiyaasta hoose leh waxay bukaanada u soo bandhigaan shucaac ka yar baaritaannada CT-ga ee qiyaasta sare leh. Baaritaanka kansarka sambabka, isticmaalka baaritaannada CT-ga ee qiyaasta hoose leh waxay yareyn kartaa saameynta waxyeelada leh ee shucaaca.
• Radon: Radon waa gaas shucaac ah oo ka yimaada burburka uranium-ka ee dhagaxyada iyo ciidda. Waxay ka soo baxdaa dhulka, waxayna ku daadataa hawada ama biyaha. Radon wuxuu guryaha ka geli karaa dildilaacyada dabaqyada, derbiyada, ama aasaaska, heerarka radon-na way soo bixi karaan waqti ka dib.

Daraasaduhu waxay muujinayaan in heerarka sare ee gaaska radon ee gudaha guriga ama goobta shaqada ay kordhiyaan tirada kiisaska cusub ee kansarka sambabada iyo tirada dhimashada uu keeno kansarka sambabada. Khatarta kansarka sambabada ayaa ka badan dadka sigaarka caba ee la ildaran radon marka loo eego kuwa aan sigaarka cabin ee la ildaran. Dadka aan waligood sigaar cabin, qiyaastii 26% dhimashada uu keeno kansarka sambabada ayaa lala xiriiriyay inay la ildaran yihiin radon.

6. Soo-gaadhista goobta shaqada

Daraasaduhu waxay muujinayaan in la kulanka walxaha soo socda ay kordhiyaan khatarta kansarka sambabada:

• Asbestos.
• Arsenic.
• Chromium.
• Nikkel.
• Beryllium.
• Kaadmiyam.
• Daamur iyo dambas.

Maaddooyinkani waxay sababi karaan kansarka sambabada dadka ku dhaca goobta shaqada oo aan waligood sigaar cabbin. Marka heerka soo-gaadhista walxahan uu sii kordho, khatarta kansarka sambabada ayaa sidoo kale sii kordheysa. Khatarta kansarka sambabada ayaa xitaa ka sii badan dadka ku dhaca isla markaana sigaarka cabba.

• Wasakhowga hawada: Daraasado ayaa muujinaya in ku noolaanshaha meelaha ay ka jiraan wasakhowga hawada oo aad u sarreeya ay kordhiso khatarta kansarka sambabada.

7. Kaabista beta carotene ee dadka sigaarka caba ee culus

Qaadashada kaabista beta carotene (kiniinno) waxay kordhisaa khatarta kansarka sambabada, gaar ahaan dadka sigaarka caba ee caba hal ama in ka badan baakad maalintii. Khatartu way ka badan tahay dadka sigaarka caba ee caba ugu yaraan hal cabitaan oo khamri ah maalin kasta.

Kuwa soo socda waa arrimo ka hortaga kansarka sambabada:

1. Sigaar cabid la'aan

Sida ugu wanaagsan ee looga hortagi karo kansarka sambabada waa inaadan sigaar cabin.

2. Joojinta sigaarka

Dadka sigaarka caba waxay yareyn karaan khatarta kansarka sambabada marka ay joojiyaan. Dadka sigaarka caba ee laga daweeyay kansarka sambabada, joojinta sigaarku waxay yareysaa khatarta kansarka sambabada ee cusub. La-talin, isticmaalka alaabada beddelka nikotiinta, iyo daaweynta niyad-jabka ayaa ka caawiyay dadka sigaarka caba inay si buuxda u joojiyaan.

Qofka joojiyey sigaarka, fursadda uu uga hortagi karo kansarka sambabada waxay ku xiran tahay inta sano ee uu sigaar cabbay iyo inta uu sigaar cabbay iyo muddada uu qaatay tan iyo markii uu joojiyay. Ka dib marka qofku joojiyo sigaarka muddo 10 sano ah, khatarta kansarka sambabada ayaa hoos u dhacda 30% ilaa 60%.

In kasta oo khatarta dhimashada kansarka sambabada si weyn loo dhimi karo marka la joojiyo sigaarka muddo dheer, haddana khatartu weligeed ma noqon doonto mid la mid ah khatarta dadka aan sigaarka cabbin. Tani waa sababta ay muhiim u tahay in dhallinyaradu aysan bilaabin sigaarka.

3. Soo-gaadhista yar ee arrimaha khatarta ah ee goobta shaqada

Sharciyada ka ilaaliya shaqaalaha inay la kulmaan walxaha keena kansarka, sida asbestos, arsenic, nickel, iyo chromium, ayaa laga yaabaa inay gacan ka geystaan ​​​​hoos u dhigista khatarta ah inay qaadaan kansarka sambabada. Sharciyada ka hortagaya sigaar cabista goobta shaqada waxay gacan ka geystaan ​​​​hoos u dhigista khatarta kansarka sambabada ee uu keeno qiiqa gacan labaad.

4. Soo-gaadhista radon oo hooseysa

Hoos u dhigista heerarka radon waxay yareyn kartaa khatarta kansarka sambabada, gaar ahaan dadka sigaarka caba. Heerarka sare ee radon ee guryaha waxaa lagu yareyn karaa iyadoo la qaadayo tallaabooyin looga hortagayo daadashada radon, sida xidhitaanka qolalka hoose.

Ma cadda in kuwa soo socdaa ay yareeyaan khatarta kansarka sambabada:

1. Cuntada

Daraasado qaar ayaa muujinaya in dadka cuna khudaar ama miro badan ay halis yar ugu jiraan kansarka sambabada marka loo eego kuwa cuna xaddi yar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama dadka sigaarka caba ay u janjeeraan inay cunaan cunto caafimaad leh oo ka yar kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin, way adag tahay in la ogaado in khatarta hoos u dhacday ay ka timid cunto caafimaad leh iyo in kale.

2. Dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka

Daraasado qaar ayaa muujinaya in dadka firfircoon ee jir ahaan firfircoon ay halis yar ugu jiraan kansarka sambabada marka loo eego dadka aan firfircooneyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama dadka sigaarka caba ay u janjeeraan inay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo dhaqdhaqaaq jireed ah marka loo eego kuwa aan sigaarka cabbin, way adag tahay in la ogaado in dhaqdhaqaaqa jirku uu saameeyo khatarta kansarka sambabada.

Kuwa soo socda ma yareeyaan khatarta kansarka sambabada:

1. Kaabista beta carotene ee dadka aan sigaarka cabbin

Daraasado lagu sameeyay dadka aan sigaarka cabbin ayaa muujinaya in qaadashada kaabista beta carotene aysan yareyn khatarta kansarka sambabada.

2. Kaabayaasha Fiitamiin E

Daraasaduhu waxay muujinayaan in qaadashada fitamiin E-ga dheeraadka ah aysan saameyn ku yeelanayn halista kansarka sambabada.

Isha:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62825&type=1